The fall of the government led by Silvio Berlusconi on 12 November 2011 followed the wave of unpopularity that had hit the prime minister and leader of the Popolo della Libertà (PdL, People of Liberty) since the beginning of the year. Decreasing confidence and satisfaction with Berlusconi and his government had been evident in Italian public opinion after the relative public support it enjoyed between 2008 and 2010. With a popularity rating below 30 percent, the prime minister now lacked the necessary degree of consensus to legitimize and hold on to the leadership of his government, as well as to make it credible and effective on the international stage.
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Mauro Barisione (2012) studied this question.
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