January 8, 2024Lipids in Health and Disease82 citationsOpen Access

Triglyceride-glucose index and obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABAmir Hossein Behnoush AKAmirmohammad Khalaji EGElina Ghondaghsaz

Structured PICO

Is the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index associated with the presence and diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea?

Population

10 studies involving 16,726 individuals (patients with obstructive sleep apnea and healthy controls)

Intervention

Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index measurement

Comparator

Healthy controls

Outcome

TyG index levels in OSA patients versus healthy controls (Standardized Mean Difference) and diagnostic ability of TyG for OSA (Area Under the Curve)surrogate

The TyG index is significantly elevated in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and may serve as a simple, accessible marker for insulin resistance and risk stratification in this population.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a bidirectional association with metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance (IR). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index could be a simply calculated marker of IR in OSA. However, its clinical application appears still limited. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to respond to this question by analyzing all the existing studies showing an association between OSA and the TyG index. METHODS: Four online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science, and Embase were searched for studies evaluating the TyG index in OSA. After screening and data extraction, a random-effect meta-analysis was performed to compare the TyG index in OSA patients vs. healthy controls by calculating standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and pooling the area under the curves (AUCs) for diagnosis of OSA based on this index. RESULTS: Ten studies involving 16,726 individuals were included in the current systematic review. Meta-analysis indicated that there was a significantly higher TyG index in patients with OSA, compared with the healthy controls (SMD 0.856, 95% CI 0.579 to 1.132, P < 0.001). Also, TyG had a diagnostic ability for OSA representing a pooled AUC of 0.681 (95% CI 0.627 to 0.735). However, based on the two studies' findings, no difference between different severities of OSA was observed. Finally, our data showed that the TyG index is a good potential predictor of adverse outcomes in these patients. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that the TyG index is an easy-to-measure marker of IR for assessing OSA, both in diagnosis and prognosis. Our study supports its implementation in routine practice to help clinicians in decision-making and patient stratification.

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