Discrete Complex Image Mixed-Potential Integral Equation Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antennas with Vertical Probe Feeds

The discrete complex image method (DCIM) is combined with a hybrid mixed-potential integral equation (MPIE) formulation for microstrip patch antennas with vertical probe feeds. The properties and performance of the DCIM are investigated. To assess the accuracy and efficiency of the DCIM-MPIE approach, it is applied to a finite array of vertical probe fed microstrip patch antennas. The same structure is also analyzed by a well-established approach based on a rigorous numerical treatment of the Sommerfeld integrals and the results of the two methods are compared.