In this paper, we propose a simple set of accurate frequency-domain design equations for calculation of optimum embedding impedances, optimum input power, bandwidth, and conversion efficiency of heterostructure-barrier-varactor (HBV) frequency triplers. A set of modeling equations for harmonic balance simulations of HBV multipliers are also given. A 141-GHz quasi-optical HBV tripler was designed using the method and experimental results show good agreement with the predicted results.
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Stake et al. (2000) studied this question.
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