Destabilized ion acoustic transit mode and anomalous transport in tokamaks

Kinetic and hydrodynamic analyses both predict that long wavelength electrostatic modes in tokamaks may be categorized as a destabilized ion acoustic mode. Ion Landau damping is essentially nullified by the ion magnetic drift for modes propagating in the electron diamagnetic drift (ω > 0). The anomalous electron thermal diffusivity estimated in terms of the mixing length theory scales with the safety factor q and resembles the ion diffusivity in the plateau regime varies as χ e varies as 1/B θ B ϕ