Persistent diarrhea following catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: A lesser-known complication of left atrial ablation procedures

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  Figure 1. Ablation points on a 3-D mapping view in each case. A: Case 1: The patient underwent linear ablation on the roof (blue) and bottom (yellow) of the left atrial posterior wall to establish box isolation in the third procedure; both points traversed the anterior wall of the esophagus (shown in green). Another linear ablation at the mitral isthmus was performed (pink). Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation had been established in the previous procedures. B, C: Cases 2 and 3: In their first procedure, circumferential linear ablation was performed to isolate the ipsilateral PVs in 2-by-2 fashion and at the roof and bottom of the left atrial posterior wall to establish the box isolation.