A Robust Control Approach for Primary Frequency Regulation through Variable Speed Wind Turbines

This paper presents a robust control approach to enhance the participation of Variable Speed Wind Turbines (VSWTs) in the primary frequency regulation during network disturbances. The proposed control system utilizes an H∞ Linear Matrix Inequality (H∞ LMI) based scheme to improve the closed-loop performance. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, it is compared with two classical control systems: the Inertial Control (IC) and the Modified Inertial Control (MIC). Several simulations on a multi-machine test system were performed in Matlab/Simulink environment. The H∞ LMI controller optimizes the trade-off between frequency deviation smoothing and wind turbine (WT) speed deviation after the disturbance. Results show a considerable improvement in frequency deviation smoothing, optimal speed recovery and power injection, during a sudden variation in the system load, compared with the two traditional approaches. A desirable robust performance was also obtained with the proposed scheme after variations in the system parameters.