Caregiver coaching: Promoting co-regulation with toddlers in early intervention

Research indicates that caregiver coaching has positive outcomes for both children and families. Children receiving early intervention services experience developmental differences that often impact regulation skills and occupational engagement. The purpose of this evidence-based occupational therapy project was to determine if a coaching service delivery model promoted co-regulation between toddlers and their caregivers in an early intervention program. This project was implemented with 10 caregiver-toddler dyads and took place over six early intervention occupational therapy sessions in a suburban area of the northeastern United States. Results showed an increase in caregiver self-efficacy as rated on a 5-point Likert scale. A decrease in toddler dysregulation indicators was observed from pre- to post-intervention, as well as a decrease in negatively impacted daily occupations and routines. Data from open-ended questions revealed positive outcomes for caregivers regarding the use of co-regulation strategies and perceptions of the coaching model. The results suggest that coaching can be an effective service delivery model to promote co-regulation between caregivers and their toddlers in early intervention. Further research is recommended to increase the generalizability of findings, as well as to explore the efficacy of specific co-regulation strategies.