Epitaxial superconducting GdBa ₂ Cu ₃ O 7− δ /Gd ₂ O ₃ nanocomposite thin films from advanced low-fluorine solutions

We have employed the CSD method to synthesize GdBCO and GdBCO–Gd 2 O 3 nanocomposite 250–300 nm thin films. For this we have designed a new low-fluorine solution never used before in the synthesis of GdBCO thin films that allows us to reduce the HF release by 80% and increase the reproducibility of the pyrolysis process. The growth of these thin films required a new thermal process to be designed, which we refer to as ‘flash-heating’, where the heating rate is extremely fast (∼600 °C min −1 ). The structure and the superconducting properties of the pristine GdBCO films are excellent, showing a (00 l) epitaxial orientation of the GdBCO grains and T c values that reach 92.8 K, which means an enhancement of more than 1 K with respect to standard YBCO films. The calculated J c inside the grains ( J c G ) also presents remarkable values: J c G (5 K) ∼ 40 MA cm −2 and J c G (77 K) ∼ 3.3 MA cm −2 . Finally, the GdBCO–Gd 2 O 3 nanocomposites films, with a 20% mol of Gd 2 O 3 , exhibit superior superconducting properties and pinning performances with respect to GdBCO pristine films.