Key result
Rutin suppresses nitric oxide production and downregulates COX-2 and iNOS in stimulated macrophages.
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Demonstrates that rutin reduces nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophage cells, highlighting its potential as an anti-inflammatory functional food.
Rutin is the major polyphenol found in buckwheat and can downregulate inflammatory responses in macrophages. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) by inducible nitric synthase (iNOS) is closely correlated with inflammation and the pathology of a variety of diseases. It has been reported that rutin inhibited various pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokine signaling in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells, and suppressed the production of NO and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and iNOS protein in LPS-stimulated macrophages. These results suggest that rutin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the expression of COX-2 and iNOS in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Therefore, rutin can be considered as a functional food for the prevention of various diseases.
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Lee et al. (2015) studied Inflammation. Rutin was evaluated on Nitric oxide (NO) production and expression of COX-2 and iNOS protein. Rutin suppressed the production of nitric oxide and the expression of COX-2 and iNOS protein in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
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