Ferroelectric domain inversion has been obtained in Nd3+ doped lithium niobate by means of direct electron beam writing. The local effects of the polarization inversion on the optical transitions of Nd3+ ions have been studied by low temperature high resolution site selective spectroscopy. Inverted regions present different axial crystal field acting over Nd3+ ions compared with noninverted (original) regions. The results can be interpreted in terms of slight shifts of Nd3+ ions along the ferroelectric c axis within the Li+ octahedrons, as a result of the lattice rearrangement after the domain inversion processes.
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Molina et al. (2007) studied this question.
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