Laser spectroscopy and Channelled Rutherford backscattering spectrometry have been applied to investigate the Nd 3 + centres in LiNbO 3 :Nd and LiNbO 3 :MgO:Nd. The Nd 3 + ions are in Li octahedrons, off-centred by three different amounts along the c -axis, giving place to three non-equivalent optical centres (Nd-1, Nd-2 and Nd-3). Codoping with MgO produces an additional optical centre (Nd-Mg), in which Nd 3 + ions are not located in octahedral lattice sites.
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Solé et al. (1993) studied this question.
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