This review highlights the utility of various cardiovascular imaging methods for identifying structural and functional abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease to guide preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Supports multimodal imaging in CKD for risk assessment; leaves open which modalities improve outcomes in trials.
Cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease and has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Several morphological and functional tests are available to assess the cardiovascular system. Since structural and functional cardiovascular abnormalities have prognostic implications, their identification may become crucial for the implementation of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. We review the most frequently used imaging methods to investigate structural and functional cardiovascular changes in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Karohl et al. (2011) studied this question.
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