Overlap integral factors in integrated optic modulators and switches

Coplanar strip and complementary coplanar strip electrodes are often used in integrated optical switches and modulators using the optical directional coupler. The field analysis of these electrodes is performed to determine the optimum overlap integral between the optical field and the modulating electromagnetic field. The optimal placement of the electrodes with respect to the optical channel waveguides is presented as a function of electrode width and spacing.>