Plant Polyisoprenoids: Biosynthesis and Functional Implications During Stress Responses

Plant polyisoprenoids are natural polymers that, despite a long history of research, still pose many open questions. While extensive studies have addressed the synthesis and structural diversity of polyisoprenoids, comprehensive analyses of their physiological functions remain limited. This review addresses this gap by critically evaluating the emerging evidence on the multifunctional roles of plant polyisoprenoids, particularly in responses to abiotic (drought, salinity, temperature fluctuations, mineral deficiency) and biotic stresses which is achieved by modulating properties of biological membranes. This summary advances our understanding of polyisoprenoids as important and integral components in plant stress response, highlighting potential targets for metabolic engineering to enhance crop performance under adverse environmental conditions.