was greater in DL-3 (11.7 ± 0.39 mg·h/mL) compared with the Control (8.9 ± 0.39 mg·h/mL), with DL-1 and DL-2 showing intermediate values. No time by treatment differences were observed in postprandial concentrations of lactulose, D-mannitol, and Cr-EDTA. However, a difference was observed in the time to reach maximum chromium concentration (CrTmax), which was shorter in DL-3 calves (5.7 ± 0.47 h) compared with Control (7.6 ± 0.47 h), DL-1 (7.3 ± 0.47 h), and DL-2 (7.3 ± 0.47 h). Results from the present study show that decreasing the osmolality of CR by adding water had minimal impact on overall IgG absorption, abomasal emptying rate, and gastrointestinal permeability in newborn calves.
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Lopez et al. (2026) studied this question.
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