This review summarizes recent efforts in developing molecular methods for detecting and characterizing human noroviruses, which have enhanced the recognition of these viruses as major etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis.
Molecular diagnostics confirm norovirus as leading cause of viral gastroenteritis; leaves open targeted prevention needs in high-risk groups.
Human noroviruses are a group of viral agents that afflict people of all age groups. The viruses are now recognized as the most common causative agent of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis and foodborne viral illness worldwide. However, they have been considered to play insignificant roles in the disease burden of acute gastroenteritis for the past decades until the recent advent of new and more sensitive molecular diagnostic methods. The availability and application of the molecular diagnostic methods have led to enhanced detection of noroviruses in clinical, food and environmental samples, significantly increasing the recognition of noroviruses as an etiologic agent of epidemic and sporadic acute gastroenteritis. This article aims to summarize recent efforts made for the development of molecular methods for the detection and characterization of human noroviruses.
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