Effect of Dye Nature on Its Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions onto Activated Carbon

Liquid-phase adsorption of two dyes on activated carbon was measured in the 283–323 K temperature range. Higher capacity and faster kinetics of adsorption were obtained for a basic dye than for an acidic dye under comparable conditions, probably due to the different ionic natures of the dyes. The equilibrium data for acidic dye could be well described by the Freundlich equation, but the best-fit model for basic dye changed from the Langmuir to the Freundlich equations when the temperature was raised. In addition, the thermodynamic functions were determined. A plot of the fraction of adsorption against (time)1/2 was adopted to describe the adsorption process. It was shown that for an acidic dye the amount of adsorbent used played an important role in the adsorption mechanism.