Macrozoobenthic biodiversity: an indicator of water quality in Ngrowo River, Tulungagung, East Java

The Ngrowo River in Tulungagung, East Java, plays a crucial role in supporting the surrounding ecosystem and local communities. An aquatic ecosystem can be assessed by examining the composition and diversity of macrozoobenthic organisms, which are known to be sensitive to environmental change. This study aims to characterize the macrozoobenthic community in the Ngrowo River, including the identification and quantification of benthic invertebrate taxa. A total of 3 sampling sites along the Ngrowo River were selected. Using standardized sampling techniques, macrozoobenthic were collected, physical and chemical parameters were measured at each location. The results revealed a total of 8 genus macrozoobenthic were found, belonging to various groups, including Tubifex, Anodonta, Crocothemis, Pomacea, Melanoides, Filopaludina, Macrobrachium and Potamonautes. The ShannonWinner index was calculated to assess overall biodiversity. The average value is 0.997, indicating low species diversity in the study area. Analysis of water quality parameters revealed significant differences between sampling locations. Dissolved oxygen pH, temperature, TDS and TSS from perspective of baku mutu PP number 22 years of 2021 were shown on level 1, DO from 1st sampling location was level 1, 2nd place was level 3, and 3 th place was level 2. BOD of all sampling place was on level 3. COD from 1st, 2nd place of sampling were on level 3 then 3th place sampling was on level 2. Correlation analyzes were performed to investigate the relationship between macrozoobenthic biodiversity and water quality parameters using Pearson. As a result, a positive correlation was observed between the biodiversity index and water quality parameters such pH, DO, BOD and COD has positive correlation with Filopaludina and Macrobrachium, then current level, TSS and TDS were positively correlated with Anodonta, Crocothermis, Pomacea, and Potamonautes. This study highlights the importance of macrozoobenthos benthic biodiversity as an indicator of water quality and provides valuable information for the management and conservation of aquatic ecosystems.