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Direction-of-motion stereotypes between controls and displays were tested using a paper-and-pencil test. Seven hundred eighty-three Yunnan Province Chinese subjects of both genders and from a wide range of ages and backgrounds were asked to indicate the control movement they would make to move a display dot in a given direction. Stereotypes were obtained for two types of controls in three different planes. The results indicated that although there are similarities between Western and Chinese stereotypes, the Chinese are more consistent than Western subjects and exhibit some stereotypes not generally found in Western subjects.
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Alan J. Courtney (1988) studied this question.
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