Research on the History and Current Status of BCG Vaccine

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine used to prevent tuberculosis. It is made from a live, attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis . When injected into the human body, it causes a mild infection that produces immunity to the human strain of the tuberculosis bacterium. The BCG vaccine is primarily used as a preventive measure against tuberculosis in children, and it generates a special resistance to the disease. To honor its inventors, French scientists Calmette and Guérin, the vaccine was named the "BCG vaccine". Currently, most countries around the world have included the BCG vaccine as one of the mandatory vaccines in their immunization programs. This study will focus on the development of the BCG vaccine, exploring its history and current status, including its relationship with pulmonary tuberculosis, research progress, vaccination methods and significance, as well as its future development.