What question did this study set out to answer?

To provide a comprehensive overview of the historical evolution, current clinical status, and future prospects of RNA-based therapeutics.

Recent Advances and Prospects in RNA Drug Development

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Review reveals technological progress in RNA therapeutics across diverse disease models, indicating major potential for personalized medicine.

To provide a comprehensive overview of the historical evolution, current clinical status, and future prospects of RNA-based therapeutics.
Narrative synthesis of scientific milestones from 1978 synthetic oligonucleotide discoveries to modern RNA platforms.
Evaluation of therapeutic modalities including antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
Analysis of technical hurdles such as molecular stability, delivery mechanisms, immunogenicity, and modern counter-strategies including artificial intelligence.
RNA platforms have produced approved therapies for rare genetic diseases, including spinal muscular atrophy and hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis.
The rapid deployment and success of mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated clinical adoption and investment across the field.
Key technical barriers such as tissue delivery, chemical stability, and off-target toxicities are increasingly mitigated through advanced formulations, chemical modifications, and AI-guided design.

Hidenori Tani (2024) studied this question.

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Review reveals technological progress in RNA therapeutics across diverse disease models, indicating major potential for personalized medicine.