Comparison of the left and right ventricular size and systolic function of low-risk fetuses in the third trimester: Which is more dominant?

Figures

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  Figure 1. Study flowchart. ART, assisted reproductive technology; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus.

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  Figure 2. fetalHQ speckle tracking software measures left and right ventricular parameters. (A) Selection of one cardiac cycle (M-Mode); (B) defining of left ventricular end-systolic endocardial tracing; (C) defining of left ventricular end-diastolic tracing; (D) defining of right ventricular end-systolic endocardial tracing; (E) defining of right ventricular end-diastolic tracing; (F) obtaining of results and report.

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  Figure 3. Scatterplots of heart rate, according to gestational age (weeks), in 453 low-risk singleton pregnancies from 28 to 39 weeks gestation. Regression lines with the 5% and 95% confidence intervals are plotted with the regression equation. HR, heart rate.

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  Figure 4. Scatterplots of right-to-left ventricular EDV ratio (A) and ESV ratio (B), according to gestational age (weeks), in 453 low-risk singleton pregnancies from 28 to 39 weeks gestation. Regression lines with the 5% and 95% confidence intervals are plotted with the regression equation. LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; EDV, end-diastolic volume; ESV, end-systolic volume.

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  Figure 5. Scatterplots of left ventricular EF (A), right ventricular EF (B) and right-to-left ventricular EF ratio (C), according to gestational age (weeks), in 453 low-risk singleton pregnancies from 28 to 39 weeks gestation. Regression lines with the 5% and 95% confidence intervals are plotted with the regression equation. LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; EF, ejection fraction.

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  Figure 6. Scatterplots of left ventricular SV (A), right ventricular SV (B), and right-to-left ventricular SV ratio (C), according to gestational age (weeks), in 453 low-risk singleton pregnancies from 28 to 39 weeks gestation. Regression lines with the 5% and 95% confidence intervals are plotted with the regression equation. LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; SV, stroke volume.

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  Figure 7. Scatterplots of left ventricular CO (A), right ventricular CO (B), and right-to-left ventricular CO ratio (C), according to gestational age (weeks), in 453 low-risk singleton pregnancies from 28 to 39 weeks gestation. Regression lines with the 5% and 95% confidence intervals are plotted with the regression equation. LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; CO, cardiac output.

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  Figure 8. Correlation between end-diastolic ventricular size (ED-S1, EDL) and ventricular systolic function parameters (EF, SV, CO). (A) Left ventricle; (B) right ventricle. LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; ED-S1, end-diastolic diameter segment 1; EDL, end-diastolic length; EF, ejection fraction; SV, stroke volume; CO, cardiac output.