Movement Quality Parameters during Gait Assessed by a Single Accelerometer in Subjects with Osteoarthritis and Following Total Joint Arthroplasty

Figures

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  Figure 1. Sensor setup and data collection flow. Enclosed by the red box is the test–retest reliability data, the yellow box is the longitudinal follow-up data, and the blue box represents the cohort data. HC = asymptomatic control, HOA = hip OA, KOA = knee OA.

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  Figure 2. Violin plots of the group differences–healthy in green, hip OA in orange, and knee OA in blue–of step/stride regularity, short- and long-term divergence exponents, sample entropy in three directions, and smoothness as a vector. The white dots represent an individual measurement; the black dot is the mean with the corresponding confidence interval. Black lines above the violins indicate a significant difference between the groups. The red and orange asterisk indicates that the difference exceeds the minimal detectable change (MDC) and 95% confidence interval.

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  Figure 3. Violin plots of the longitudinal follow-up of gait symmetry, step/stride regularity, short- and long-term divergence exponents, sample entropy in three direction, and smoothness as a vector post total knee arthroplasty. Pre-TKA (t0), six weeks, three months, six months and 12 months (t1–t4, respectively). The white dots represent an individual measurement; the black dot is the mean with the corresponding confidence interval. Black lines above the violins indicate a significant difference between the time points. The red asterisk indicates that the difference exceeds the minimal detectable change (MDC). The green shaded bar shows the mean plus confidence interval of the healthy control subjects. A red diamond indicates that that time point was significantly different from the healthy controls. Green diamond shows that that difference is no longer significant between 12 months post-TKA and healthy individuals (TKA).