Effect of Doxorubicin on Postrest Contraction in Isolated Rat Hearts

Clinical use of doxorubicin is limited by its cardiotoxicity. In doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, vacuolization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) has been reported. We investigated whether doxorubicin had a direct action on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in isolated perfused rat hearts. The left and right atria were trimmed to maintain heart rate (HR) <200 beats/min. Postrest contractions, which are believed to be due primarily to Ca2+ release from the SR, were evoked with a programmable stimulator after variable rest intervals. The amplitude of the postrest contractions increased markedly as the rest interval increased. Doxorubicin (0.1 mM) significantly suppressed this potentiation of the postrest contractions. Furthermore, doxorubicin slowly induced aftercontractions and an increase in left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP), phenomena that are usually associated with ouabain intoxication. We conclude that doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy may be due to SR dysfunction, leading to intracellular Ca2+ overload.