mTOR Regulates T-Cell Differentiation and Activation in Immunity and Autoimmunity

mTOR is an evolutionarily conserved PI3-kinase family member that plays a central role in integrating environmental cues in the form of amino acids, energy, and growth factors. Recently, the kinase mTOR has emerged as an important regulator of the differentiation and function of helper T cells in immune responses and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effects and mechanisms of mTOR complex in the differentiation of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells, and T-cell homeostasis modulation. This should contribute to understanding the central role for mTOR in regulating immune responses and autoimmune diseases.