Proves quark confinement as an algebraic constraint in color theories, suggesting new interpretations.
This paper proves that quark confinement is an algebraic constraint of Conjugate Spectral Geometry, not a dynamical effect. The existence of free color charge would destroy the three-sector completeness — the Algebraic Action diverges under an incomplete sector allocation and is physically unrealizable. Confinement is a joint corollary of Birkhoff double-stochasticity and the Born Rule, requiring no dynamical input such as string tension or potential models. This paper provides a complete proof that free color charge destroys sector completeness, a derivation of confinement as an algebraic constraint, and the geometric classification of color singlets.
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guobin ouyang (2026) studied this question.
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