This article examines magnetic charge quantization in conjugate spectral geometry, suggesting implications for Grand Unified Models.
This article proves that magnetic monopoles do not exist in Conjugate Spectral Geometry. The closure property of Bott periodicity (Berry phase , Theorem 9.6.6.02) guarantees that the topological structure of the encoding orbit is fully closed — no inextensible topological defects exist. Magnetic charge quantization arises from the Berry phase of the Bott loop, not from magnetic monopoles. This prediction stands in sharp contrast to the standard expectation of Grand Unified Models (monopole mass ) and is consistent with all existing experimental search results.
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guobin ouyang (2026) studied this question.
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