Scrutinizing glycyrrhizin and its derivatives in the management of respiratory disorders including SARS-CoV (COVID-19)

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Licorice, commonly known as mulethi, is a very familiar plant for its possible antiviral activity against several RNA and DNA viruses.It restrains a variety of bioactive composites with a triterpenoid saponin, i.e., glycyrrhizin or glycyrrhizic acid (GLR), obtained principally from the roots of the plant.It has been found to inhibit the replication, adsorption, and penetration of SARS-associated coronavirus into cells and is reported to have antiviral properties against influenza, herpes, hepatitis, and SARS viruses.Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Licorice), family Fabaceae mainly composed of 18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, glabrin A, and B. Numerous studies claim that these active compounds exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral effects against a variety of viral species.The antioxidant properties of glycyrrhizin and its analogues are due to their phenolic content, flavonoids, and isoflavones.The antiviral activities are due to glycyrrhizin and its derivatives.As it inactivated and inhibited viruses, b-chemokines and virus replication.The anti-inflammatory property is due to inhibition of HMGB1/TLR4.That resulted in the inhibition of reactive oxygen species formation.This work highlighted the possible antiviral mechanism of glycyrrhizin and its derivatives observed in progressive research.The possible system might be utilised to formulate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as targeted drug delivery in the form of respules for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), SARS-CoV (COVID-19), and other respiratory tract disorders.