Epidural Analgesia with Local Anesthetics After Abdominal Surgery

The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was to compare pain relief, side effects, and ability to ambulate during epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine 0.2% plus sufentanil versus bupivacaine 0.175% plus sufentanil after major gastrointestinal surgery. Epidural catheters were inserted at T8-11, and 30 [micro sign]g of sufentanil with 15 mL of ropivacaine 0.75% (Group 1, n = 42) or bupivacaine 0.5% (Group 2, n = 44) was injected. General anesthesia was induced, a continuous epidural infusion (5 mL/h) was then begun with 1 [micro sign]g/mL sufentanil plus ropivacaine 0.2% (Group 1) or bupivacaine 0.175% (Group 2). Postoperatively, the infusion rate was adjusted to individual requirements. Patients were also able to receive additional 2-mL bolus doses every 20 min. Demographic data (except for gender and height), analgesia, drug dosage, and side-effects, including motor blockade (Bromage score), were similar in both groups, but mobilization recovered more quickly in Group 1. Gender, age, ASA physical status, duration of surgery, and intraoperative blood loss had no effect on mobilization. We conclude that epidural analgesia is effective and safe with both regimens. There is not necessarily a correlation between the Bromage score and the desired outcome of mobilization. The ability to walk postoperatively is hastened if ropivacaine is used instead of bupivacaine. Implications: Regarding pain relief and side effects, epidural analgesia with ropivacaine 0.2% and sufentanil 1 [micro sign]g/mL yields pain scores and pain intensity comparable to those for the well evaluated combination of bupivacaine 0.175% and sufentanil 1 [micro sign]g/mL. However, earlier recovery of the ability to walk unassisted in patients receiving the combination of ropivacaine and sufentanil may result in their earlier rehabilitation. (Anesth Analg 1999;88:128-33)