Key result
Habitual hot spring bathing at 19:00 or later was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of a history of hypertension among Japanese adults aged 65 years and older (OR 0.850).
Why the study?
Hot spring bathing is used to manage various diseases, but its preventive effects on hypertension among older adults warranted investigation to identify novel approaches for prevention and management.
Does habitual nighttime hot spring bathing reduce the prevalence of hypertension in adults aged ≥ 65 years?
Cross-Sectional (n=10,428)
Does habitual nighttime hot spring bathing reduce the prevalence of hypertension in adults aged ≥ 65 years?
Habitual nighttime hot spring bathing is associated with a significantly lower prevalence of hypertension among Japanese adults aged 65 years and older.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Hypothesis-generating for timed bathing in elderly hypertension prevention; observational data leave open causality and require prospective trials.
Hot spring bathing is practiced to help manage various diseases, including hypertension. We investigated the preventive effects on hypertension of hot spring bathing among older adults in a data analysis using responses to a previous questionnaire with the aim to identify a novel approach in the prevention and management of hypertension. Among 10,428 adults aged ≥ 65 years, we assessed the hot spring bathing habits of 4001 individuals with a history of hypertension. We calculated odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals using a multivariable logistic regression model for history of hypertension. In multivariable logistic regression, age (≥ 85 years: OR, 1.410); history of arrythmia (OR, 1.580), stroke (OR, 1.590), gout (OR, 1.880), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.470), hyperlipidemia (OR, 1.680), renal disease (OR, 1.520), chronic hepatitis (OR, 0.648); and hot spring bathing at 19:00 or later (OR, 0.850) were independently and significantly associated with hypertension during the lifetime. We found an inverse relationship between habitual nighttime hot spring bathing and a history of depression. Prospective randomized controlled trials on nighttime hot spring bathing as a treatment for hypertension are warranted to investigate whether nighttime hot spring bathing can help in preventing hypertension among adults aged ≥ 65 years.
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Yamasaki et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=10,428). Hot spring bathing at 19:00 or later vs. Hot spring bathing before 9:00 was evaluated on History of hypertension during the lifetime (OR 0.850, 95% CI 0.768-0.940, p=0.001). Habitual hot spring bathing at 19:00 or later was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of a history of hypertension among Japanese adults aged 65 years and older (OR 0.850).
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