The phonon thermal conductivity χ ph ( T < 1 K) is measured on a series of amorphous Pd 77.5 Cu 6 Si 16.5 samples prepared with different quenching rates q . The density of low-energy excitations (LEE) n times the coupling parameter γ 2 as inferred from χ ph ( T ) increases with q . Using calculated values for the frozen-in free volume v f as a function of q , a monotonic increase of n γ 2 with v f is found. The same result is found, when v f (or the mass density) is changed by structural relaxation of plastic deformation. These findings give direct evidence for the validity of the free-volume model explaining the origin of LEE in metallic glasses.
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Herlach et al. (1986) studied this question.
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