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The basic principles of four-wave mixing are reviewed. Emphasis is on the coupling between light waves and material excitational waves. Only cases where material excitations are excited by optical mixing of input waves are considered. The material excitations appear in the form of a dynamic grating that would coherently scatter the incoming radiation. Probing of the dynamic grating allows the deduction of information about the material excitations.
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Y. R. Shen (1986) studied this question.
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