Key result
Salt restriction during a 7-day hospitalization led to a non-significant -0.3% median change from baseline in the coefficient of variation for diurnal systolic blood pressure variability.
Why the study?
Does a 7-day salt-restricted diet improve diurnal systolic blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes not receiving antihypertensive agents?
Does a 7-day salt-restricted diet improve diurnal systolic blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes not receiving antihypertensive agents?
A one-week strict salt restriction in hospitalized hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes did not significantly improve short-term diurnal systolic blood pressure variability.
Short-term salt restriction showed no significant effect on BP variability; leaves open its role in randomized or longer-term studies.
BACKGROUND: Increased short-term blood pressure (BP) variability on 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) is known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular events. However, very few studies have evaluated the effect of salt restriction on BP variability particularly in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of salt restriction on systolic BP (SBP) variability. METHODS AND RESULTS: 10 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes and not receiving antihypertensive agents were enrolled in the study. After admission, all patients received a salt-restricted diet and appropriate anti-diabetic treatments and were followed up for 7 consecutive days using ABPM. After the 7-day treatment, the median [interquartile range (IQR)] coefficient of variation (CV) for diurnal SBP variability changed from day 1 to day 7-13.0 [10.8 to 16.8] % to 13.3 [9.1 to 18.9] % (P = 0.959)--and the median [IQR] change between days 1 and 7 was -0.3 [-3.2 to 2.9] %. In addition, CV for BP variability and circadian rhythm of BP varied greatly on a day-by-day basis for 7 days, compared to mean BP values. Interestingly, increased SBP variability was associated with greater day-by-day changes in circadian rhythm of BP. CONCLUSIONS: Salt restriction during 7-day hospitalization led to a -0.3 [-3.2 to 2.9] (median [IQR]) % change from baseline in CV for diurnal SBP variability in 10 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes not receiving antihypertensive agents. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000016243.
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Iuchi et al. (2016) studied Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes (n=10). Salt restriction vs. Baseline (Day 1) was evaluated on Change in coefficient of variation (CV) for diurnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability (Median change -0.3%, p=0.959). Salt restriction during a 7-day hospitalization led to a non-significant -0.3% median change from baseline in the coefficient of variation for diurnal systolic blood pressure variability.
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