Theoretical modeling demonstrates one-sided measurement-device-independent quantum direct communication over hundreds of kilometers, highlighting robustness against imperfect state preparation.
Measurement-device-independent quantum secure direct communication (MDI-QSDC) protocol is capable of defending against attacks on detectors by illegal parties, and its security relies on the trustworthy preparation of quantum states. In this paper, we propose the one-sided measurement-device-independent quantum secure direct communication (1SMDI-QSDC) protocol, which not only has the advantage of being independent of detection loopholes but also weakens the requirement of MDI-QSDC for state preparation. We analyze the real-life secrecy capacity of this proposed protocol by using realistic experimental settings that contain the weak coherent pulse source, parametric down-conversion source, and customized decoy-state method. The results indicate that our protocols can achieve secure communication over a few hundred kilometers. Furthermore, we find that the coding technology of increasing capacity using masking (INCUM) can mitigate the degradation of the maximum distance of secure communication when the state preparation is highly untrustworthy.
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Sun et al. (2023) studied this question.
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