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D In the world of holobionts the concept of identity has changed: the host organism and its microbiota should be seen as a single genomic, metabolic and functional unit; in this perspective, the microbiota can modulate the bioavailability and efficacy of non-antibiotic drugs, undergoing, vice versa, alterations in terms of bacterial composition. The aim of this review is to explore the intricate relationship between drugs used for the management of type 2 diabetes and the gut microbiota, and how this interaction could contribute to pharmacological efficacy.
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Rubino et al. (2025) studied this question.
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