Why the study?
It was unclear whether the cardiorenal benefits of empagliflozin are affected by body mass index in type 2 diabetes patients with established cardiovascular disease, including Asians.
Does empagliflozin reduce cardiorenal outcomes and mortality across different BMI categories in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease?
Does empagliflozin reduce cardiorenal outcomes and mortality across different BMI categories in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease?
Empagliflozin provides consistent cardiorenal and mortality benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease regardless of baseline BMI, including in lower-BMI Asian populations.
Empagliflozin's cardiorenal benefits appear consistent across BMI; extends evidence for broad use but remains hypothesis-generating in subgroups.
Aim To investigate whether the cardiorenal benefits of the sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor empagliflozin are affected by body mass index (BMI) in type 2 diabetes patients with established cardiovascular (CV) disease, including Asians. Methods In this exploratory analysis of the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME trial, we used Cox regression to evaluate the effects of empagliflozin on all‐cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) or CV death, and incident or worsening nephropathy by baseline BMI category. Results Of the 7020 participants (1517 Asians [21.6%]), 934 (13.3%), 2465 (35.1%) and 3621 (51.6%) had a BMI of less than 25, 25 to less than 30, and 30 kg/m 2 or higher, respectively. Overall, hazard ratios for empagliflozin versus placebo for all‐cause mortality, HHF or CV death, and incident or worsening nephropathy were 0.68 (95% CI 0.57, 0.82), 0.66 (0.55, 0.79) and 0.61 (0.53, 0.70), respectively, and were consistent across BMI categories ( P values for interaction between treatment and BMI were .6772, .3087 and .6265, respectively). Results were similar in Asians using these BMI categories and categories of less than 24, 24 to less than 28, and 28 kg/m 2 or higher. Conclusion Empagliflozin reduced cardiorenal and mortality risk regardless of BMI at baseline, including in Asians with a lower BMI.
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Ji et al. (2021) studied this question.
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