Minimally Invasive Isolated Aortic Valve Replacement in a Potential TAVI Cohort of Patients Aged ≥ 75 Years: A Propensity-Matched Analysis

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flow diagram of the study population. Abbreviations: MIAVR, minimally invasive aortic valve replacement.

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  Figure 2. Surgical access routes. Upper partial sternotomy (green dashed line), right anterolateral thoracotomy (blue dashed line), right lateral thoracotomy (red dashed line).

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  Figure 3. The covariate balance before and after propensity score matching. The dashed line represents the matching caliper of 0.08.

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  Figure 4. Distribution of surgical access routes within each treatment group. Abbreviations: UPS, upper partial sternotomy; RAT, right anterolateral thoracotomy; RLA, right lateral thoracotomy. Note: * p < 0.05 between groups. Note: As a consequence of the process of mathematical rounding, wherein percentages are rounded up or down to the nearest tenth decimal place, minute deviations of up to 0.1% from the absolute value of 100% can potentially manifest.

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  Figure 5. Distribution of aortic prosthesis type implanted within each treatment group. Note: * p < 0.05 between groups. As a consequence of the process of mathematical rounding, wherein percentages are rounded up or down to the nearest tenth decimal place, minute deviations of up to 0.1% from the absolute value of 100% can potentially manifest. The stacked column charts for the isolated MIAVR ≥75 cohort in both prematched and matched groups exclude the extremely small proportion (0.3% or 0.2% respectively) of mechanical valve prostheses. A graphical representation in this scale of this small quantity is not meaningful.

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  Figure 6. Surgical section times. Note: * p < 0.05 between groups.

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  Figure 7. Postoperative outcomes. Abbreviations: PPI, permanent pacemaker implantation; RF, respiratory failure; NOAF, new-onset atrial fibrillation; CVVH, continuous veno-venous hemofiltration; MI, myocardial infarction. Note: * p < 0.05 between groups.