Supramolecular Chemistry of Protoporphyrin IX and Its Derivatives

This microreview surveys developments in applications of protoporphyrin IX (PP‐IX) derivatives in the fields of supramolecular science, artificial photosynthesis and biomedical science. It begins with the introduction of general PP‐IX structure, methods of synthesis and discussion of properties such as solid‐ and liquid‐state interactions. This is followed by description of the compounds' one‐dimensional nano‐superstructures, such as vesicles, tubules, fibres, micellar nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods and coils. Furthermore, a recent advance in protoporphyrin research in the area of monolayer formation is covered. Finally we explore the use of PP‐IX derivatives in energy‐ and electron‐transfer system construction. We conclude with our views on the prospects of PP‐IX for future research endeavours.