An important challenge in industrial metrology is to provide rapid measurement of critical 3D internal object geometry for either inspecting high volume parts or controlling a machining process. Existing metrological techniques are typically too slow to meet this need or can not measure small features with high precision. In this paper, we present a new method that achieves fast, accurate, internal 3D geometry measurement based on 3D reconstruction from a few X-ray views of a part. Our approach utilizes an accurate camera model for the X-ray sensor, calibration using in situ ground truth and geometry-guided X-ray feature extraction to achieve this goal and has been fully implemented in a prototype 3D measurement system. We describe a novel application of the system to CAD-based verification of drilled hole positioning. Experimental results are given to illustrate the precision of the system and 3D measurement on real industrial parts.
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Noble et al. (1998) studied this question.