Key result
Local foot cooling in 8°C water decreases the inotropy index by ~15%.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to evaluate changes in central hemodynamics after localized cold exposure in females aged 17-20 years.
Does local skin cooling of the hand and foot at 24°C, 15°C, and 8°C alter central hemodynamic and myocardial contractility indices in healthy young females aged 17-20 years?
Does local skin cooling of the hand and foot at 24°C, 15°C, and 8°C alter central hemodynamic and myocardial contractility indices in healthy young females aged 17-20 years?
Acute localized cold water exposure of the extremities in healthy young females significantly reduces non-invasively measured myocardial contractility and left ventricular work indices while increasing mean arterial pressure, with foot cooling at 15°C and 8°C provoking stronger hemodynamic reactivity than hand cooling.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Local foot cooling may reduce myocardial contractility indices in young females; hypothesis-generating for thermoregulatory effects on cardiac function.
Aim: we studied changes in central hemodynamics after localized cold exposure in females aged 17-20 years. Methods: We exposed the skin (hand and foot) of female to water at temperatures 24, 15 and 8 degrees Celsius. SIMONA 111 Integrated Monitoring System was used to assess indicators of preload, myocardial contractility, afterload, left ventricular function and hemodynamic status indicators Results. The hand cooling with water at a temperature of 15 and 8 degrees Celsius decreased inotropy index by 6.3 % (p = 0.012) and 8.2 % (p = 0.007), respectively. Corresponding reductions in myocardial contractility index were 2.5 % (p = 0.033) and 1.5 % (p = 0.010), in myocardial stress coefficient - by 6 % (p < 0.001) and 5.4 % (p = 0.002), respectively), and the cardiac index of the work of the left ventricle - by 7.0 % (p = 0.003) and 8.0 % (p = 0.002). Foot cooling at 24 degrees Celsius decreased myocardial contractility index by 1.5 % (p = 0.031) and myocardial stress coefficient by 7.4 % (p = 0.025)), while exposure to 15 and 8 degrees Celsius (decreased notropy index by 12.1 % (p = 0.002) and by 14.7 % (p = 0.003), myocardial contractility index by 7.6 % (p < 0.001) and 10.2 % (p <0.001), respectively). Cardiac index of the work of the left ventricle decreased by 3.5 % (p = 0.007) following foot exposure to 24 degrees Celsius. Mean blood pressure increased by 4.2 % (p = 0.013) following exposure to 8 degrees Celsius. Conclusions. Local cold exposure leads to a decrease in myocardial contractility and left ventricular function and to an increase in hemodynamic status. The greatest reactivity of the cardiovascular system is stated after local cooling of the foot skin in water at a temperature of 15 and 8 degrees Celsius.
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Korobitsyna et al. (2019) studied Healthy females exposed to local skin cooling (n=30). Local skin cooling of the hand and foot in water vs. Baseline state prior to cooling was evaluated on Inotropy index (ISI, 1/s^2) after foot cooling at 8 degrees Celsius (p=0.003). Local foot cooling in 8°C water decreased the inotropy index by 14.7% and myocardial contractility index by 10.2% while increasing mean blood pressure by 4.2%.
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