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Background: Metabolic dysfunction is associated with liver disease but it is unclear if it would impact responses to antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: Using data from an international consortium of 4507 treatment-naïve CHB patients who initiated nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) between January 2004 and August 2024 from 32 centers and propensity-score matching (PSM) to balance the background of patients with and without metabolic disease (diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, or hypertension), we compared their biochemical (BR), virologic (VR), and complete (CR) response. Interpretation: The presence and number of metabolic diseases were significantly and incrementally associated with lower BR. Metabolic disease should be taken into consideration in the management of CHB patients receiving NAs treatment.
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Huang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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