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No (self-)assembly required: Both spherical and anisotropic “dumbbell” polymer nanoparticles with targeted shapes in the <100-nm size range were prepared by direct synthesis not relying on self-assembly. Atom-transfer polymerization techniques at high concentrations produce both spherical and dumbbell-like nanoparticles directly from simple vinyl monomers on a multigram scale.
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He et al. (2007) studied this question.
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