Population
28 patients with symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation and long-standing persistent AF who had failed…
Design
Case_series
Follow-up
up to 12 months
Authors
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May support convergent ablation in refractory persistent AF; hypothesis-generating and requires randomized trials before practice change.
The convergent procedure, combining epicardial surgical and endocardial catheter ablation, is a feasible multidisciplinary approach that achieved 76% freedom from AF and antiarrhythmic drugs at 6 months in patients with difficult-to-treat persistent and long-standing persistent AF.
Kiser et al. (2010) studied this question.
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