Coexistence of fast and slow gamma oscillations in one population of inhibitory spiking neurons

This paper shows that a single inhibitory neural population can give rise to slow and fast coexisting gamma rhythms generated via two different mechanisms: the slow one arises due to the balance between excitation and inhibition, while the fast one emerges in brain circuits where excitation is predominant. In agreement with recent experiments, the authors observe that in presence of a theta forcing the fast and slow gamma oscillations are on average locked to specific phases of the theta cycle, while exhibiting a wide cycle-to-cycle variability