Beneficial effects of Trehalose on Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes: A very effective tool in the industrial use of exosomes

In recent years, basic and clinical research on extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, which are natural nanoscale particles, has been intensifying.However, many issues still need to be addressed regarding strategies for the industrial utilization of exosomes.In this study, we investigated the effect of trehalose on the number and the property of exosomes released from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.We characterized their sizes and surface marker profiles by using flow cytometry analysis.The addition of trehalose to the culture medium increased the number of exosomes produced.Analysis of the anti-inflammatory function of exosomes induced by lipopolysaccharide in the presence or absence of trehalose suggested that trehalose does not affect the specific activity of the exosomes produced.Purification of exosomes using trehalose as an additive to the buffer solution significantly increased the yield of exosomes attributable to its effect in preventing collapse and aggregation of exosomes during ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration.Thus, our findings that trehalose is a suitable additive for exosomes in all of these production, purification, and preservation processes indicate that trehalose is a promising tool for the industrial application of exosomes.Furthermore, the results suggest that the separation and preservation methods presented in this study can facilitate therapeutic applications of exosomes.