Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
An empirical method has been developed for estimating the effective charge of ions between Z = 3 and Z = 10 over a wide range of velocities in air and nuclear emulsion. The results are used in conjunction with a power-law function for the variation of stopping-power with velocity to derive range–energy relations for these ions. The curves are compared with all available experimental data, and agreement within the limits of experimental error is obtained in all cases except those of fluorine and neon ions in air.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
D. L. Livesey (1956) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: