Practitioners should aim to diagnose as early as possible the development of malfunction of the masticatory system, or temporomandibular disorder (TMD), that causes pain, discomfort and a decrease in functional efficiency, especially in those patients whose occlusion is being rehabilitated in the course of orthodontic treatment. This is particularly true for the segment of the patient population who are characterized by certain risk factors.
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Laplanche et al. (2012) studied this question.
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