A novel polarisation-independent optical circulator, which employs two fibre-optic polarising beam splitters and two yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) spherical lenses, is reported. The present structure has the advantage of low-loss splicing with other single-mode fibres. The insertion loss was 2.5 dB at 1.30 μm wavelength, and was almost independent of the incident polarisation angle. The backward attenuation was more than 18 dB.
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Yokohama et al. (1986) studied this question.
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