On the small screen: Aggregates of gold nanoparticles interconnected by DNA duplexes (see scheme, left) are bluish-purple. Cleavage of the duplexes by deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) releases the nanoparticles (right), producing a bluish-purple-to-red color change. This color change can be used to monitor the activity (and inhibition) of the enzyme.
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Xu et al. (2007) studied this question.
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